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Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Identification Requirements

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Tookitaki
18 Nov 2020
5 min
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What are the AML Identification Requirements?

Before learning about the AML identification requirements, it is important to understand what a digital identity is. Nowadays, digital payments are at an annual growth of 12.7% and are estimated to reach 726 billion transactions by 2020. It’s also estimated that 60% of world GDP will be digitized by 2022. The digital identity space transformation has reached an inflection point and the standards, technology, and processes have evolved to a point where digital ID systems are becoming available at a large scale. As a response to this growth in digital identity systems, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) recently released guidance to help governments and financial institutions integrate AML identification requirements into their compliance frameworks and ensure that their CDD and Know Your Customer (KYC), among other measures, remain effective.

What is a Digital ID System and How Does it Work?

Digital ID systems issue the process of identity proofing and authentication. The systems are used as an electronic means to check the official identity of a person online or in-person in different assurance levels. The system involves different operational models and relies on various entities and types of technologies and processes.

Identity proofing of digital ID systems can either be digital or in-person, or a combination of both, but the process of binding, authentication, credentialing, and portability must be completed digitally. Digital ID systems can use digital technology in the following ways:

  • Electronic databases, which include distributed ledgers, to obtain, confirm, store, or manage identity evidence
  • Credentials that are digital, to verify identity for accessing mobile, online, and offline applications
  • Using biometrics to help identify or authenticate individuals
  • Platforms and protocols that facilitate digital identification/verification, such as APIs.

The digital identity verification process comprises the following steps:

Collection: Customers are required to present and collect identity attributes and evidence, either in person and/or online. This is done by filling in an online form, sending a selfie photo, and uploading documents, such as a passport or driving license, etc.

Validation: Inspection is conducted digitally or in-person to ensure the authenticity of the documents and accuracy of the data. This is achieved by checking physical security features, expiration dates, and verifying attributes via other services.

Deduplication: Firms need to establish that the identification attributes and evidence relate to a unique person in the ID system via duplicate record searches, biometric recognition, or deduplication algorithms.

Verification: After collecting the evidence, firms need to link the individual to the identity evidence provided, using biometric solutions like facial recognition and liveness detection.

Enrolment in Identity Account and Binding: Firms create a new identity account and issue and link one or more authenticators with the identity account, such as passwords, a one-time code (OTC) generator on a smartphone, and so forth. This process enables the account’s authentication.

What are the FATF AML Identification Requirements?

AML Identification Requirements: FATF is committed to ensuring that the global AML/CFT standards encourage responsible financial innovation. The use of new technologies is supported in the financial sector, which strengthens the implementation of AML/CFT standards and financial inclusion goals.

Yet, FIs should also understand the risks in integrating large-scale digital ID systems, which can risk privacy, fraud, identity theft, data security, and so forth. The purpose of FATF Guidance is to assist governments, regulatory bodies, and other authorities in determining how digital ID systems can be used to conduct certain elements of customer due diligence (CDD), and how it works is essential to apply the risk-based approach.

The FATF AML Identification Requirements include the requirement to identify and verify customers’ identities using ‘reliable, independent’ source documents, data, or information.

Here, “identity” refers to an official identity, which is distinct from broader concepts of personal and social identity that may be relevant for unofficial purposes (e.g., unregulated commercial or social/peer-to-peer interactions, which are conducted in person or on the Internet).

Official identity is the specification of a unique natural person that is based on their characteristics or attributes which establishes their uniqueness in the population or particular context and is recognized by the state for regulatory and other relevant official purposes. It is required that digital source documents, data, or information must be reliable and independent. This means that the digital ID system used to conduct CDD relies upon the technology, adequate governance, processes, and procedures to provide assurance that the system produces correct results.

FATF Recommendations

The recommendations provided by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) for Digital ID is applicable to government authorities, Digital ID service providers, and regulated entities, such as banks and credit unions, which must complete CDD.

Risk-Based Approach to Digital Identification

The FATF Guidance suggests a risk-based approach to using Digital ID systems for customer identification applied by the government, regulated entities, and other relevant authorities.

This requires:

  • Understanding the assurance levels of the system’s technology main components to determine its reliability.
  • Creating a broader, risk-based determination of whether the particular Digital ID system provides an appropriate level of reliability and independence in light of the potential AML and other illicit financing risks at stake.

Recommendations for Government Authorities

The following includes a number of recommendations for government authorities under the FATF Guidance:

  • Clarity on regulation – Government authorities are required to develop clear guidelines or regulations that require regulated entities to adopt an appropriate and risk-based approach for their use of reliable, independent Digital ID systems.
  • Collaboration between Industries – Consideration for the development of mechanisms should be made to promote cross-industry collaboration in identifying and addressing vulnerabilities in existing Digital ID systems.
  • Financial Inclusion – The authorities should also take measures to foster financial inclusion to remove obstacles linked to the verification of a customer’s identity. This is also to ensure that financially excluded people can be captured under the identity proofing requirements.

Recommendations for Digital ID Service Providers

Recommendations for Digital ID service providers include understanding AML/CFT requirements. The service providers are required to understand the AML identification requirements for CDD (particularly customer identification/verification and ongoing due diligence) and other regulations in relation. Firms should seek assurance testing and certification by governmental or other reputable bodies and should provide transparent information to AML/CFT regulators regarding Digital ID systems.

Recommendations for Regulated Entities

Recommendations for regulated entities that are subject to CDD requirements include:

  • Record-keeping requirements – Regulated entities using Digital ID systems should have access to a process for enabling authorities to obtain the underlying identity information and evidence needed for the identification and verification of individuals. Organizations should have a better understanding of what records they must keep when using Digital ID systems for CDD, as well as the challenges for meeting record-keeping requirements for both ongoing and onboarding due diligence or transaction monitoring.
  • Diligencing Digital ID Systems – Regulated entities should conduct careful due diligence when determining whether to use Digital ID to conduct CDD.

If you wish to understand more about the role of an MLRO, who looks after a firm’s AML systems, read here.

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Blogs
20 Jan 2026
6 min
read

What Makes the Best AML Software? A Singapore Perspective

“Best” isn’t about brand—it’s about fit, foresight, and future readiness.

When compliance teams search for the “best AML software,” they often face a sea of comparisons and vendor rankings. But in reality, what defines the best tool for one institution may fall short for another. In Singapore’s dynamic financial ecosystem, the definition of “best” is evolving.

This blog explores what truly makes AML software best-in-class—not by comparing products, but by unpacking the real-world needs, risks, and expectations shaping compliance today.

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The New AML Challenge: Scale, Speed, and Sophistication

Singapore’s status as a global financial hub brings increasing complexity:

  • More digital payments
  • More cross-border flows
  • More fintech integration
  • More complex money laundering typologies

Regulators like MAS are raising the bar on detection effectiveness, timeliness of reporting, and technological governance. Meanwhile, fraudsters continue to adapt faster than many internal systems.

In this environment, the best AML software is not the one with the longest feature list—it’s the one that evolves with your institution’s risk.

What “Best” Really Means in AML Software

1. Local Regulatory Fit

AML software must align with MAS regulations—from risk-based assessments to STR formats and AI auditability. A tool not tuned to Singapore’s AML Notices or thematic reviews will create gaps, even if it’s globally recognised.

2. Real-World Scenario Coverage

The best solutions include coverage for real, contextual typologies such as:

  • Shell company misuse
  • Utility-based layering scams
  • Dormant account mule networks
  • Round-tripping via fintech platforms

Bonus points if these scenarios come from a network of shared intelligence.

3. AI You Can Explain

The best AML platforms use AI that’s not just powerful—but also understandable. Compliance teams should be able to explain detection decisions to auditors, regulators, and internal stakeholders.

4. Unified View Across Risk

Modern compliance risk doesn't sit in silos. The best software unifies alerts, customer profiles, transactions, device intelligence, and behavioural risk signals—across both fraud and AML workflows.

5. Automation That Actually Works

From auto-generating STRs to summarising case narratives, top AML tools reduce manual work without sacrificing oversight. Automation should support investigators, not replace them.

6. Speed to Deploy, Speed to Detect

The best tools integrate quickly, scale with your transaction volume, and adapt fast to new typologies. In a live environment like Singapore, detection lag can mean regulatory risk.

The Danger of Chasing Global Rankings

Many institutions fall into the trap of selecting tools based on brand recognition or analyst reports. While useful, these often prioritise global market size over local relevance.

A top-ranked solution may not:

  • Support MAS-specific STR formats
  • Detect local mule account typologies
  • Allow configuration without vendor dependence
  • Offer support in your timezone or regulatory context

The best AML software for Singapore is one that understands Singapore.

The Role of Community and Collaboration

No tool can solve financial crime alone. The best AML platforms today are:

  • Collaborative: Sharing anonymised risk signals across institutions
  • Community-driven: Updated with new scenarios and typologies from peers
  • Connected: Integrated with ecosystems like MAS’ regulatory sandbox or industry groups

This allows banks to move faster on emerging threats like pig-butchering scams, cross-border laundering, or terror finance alerts.

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Case in Point: A Smarter Approach to Typology Detection

Imagine your institution receives a surge in transactions through remittance corridors tied to high-risk jurisdictions. A traditional system may miss this if it’s below a certain threshold.

But a scenario-based system—especially one built from real cases—flags:

  • Round dollar amounts at unusual intervals
  • Back-to-back remittances to different names in the same region
  • Senders with low prior activity suddenly transacting at volume

The “best” software is the one that catches this before damage is done.

A Checklist for Singaporean Institutions

If you’re evaluating AML tools, ask:

  • Can this detect known local risks and unknown emerging ones?
  • Does it support real-time and batch monitoring across channels?
  • Can compliance teams tune thresholds without engineering help?
  • Does the vendor offer localised support and regulatory alignment?
  • How well does it integrate with fraud tools, case managers, and reporting systems?

If the answer isn’t a confident “yes” across these areas, it might not be your best choice—no matter its global rating.

Final Thoughts: Build for Your Risk, Not the Leaderboard

Tookitaki’s FinCense platform embodies these principles—offering MAS-aligned features, community-driven scenarios, explainable AI, and unified fraud and AML coverage tailored to Asia’s compliance landscape.

There’s no universal best AML software.

But for institutions in Singapore, the best choice will always be one that:

  • Supports your regulators
  • Reflects your risk
  • Grows with your customers
  • Learns from your industry
  • Protects your reputation

Because when it comes to financial crime, it’s not about the software that looks best on paper—it’s about the one that works best in practice.

What Makes the Best AML Software? A Singapore Perspective
Blogs
19 Jan 2026
5 min
read

AML Case Management Software: A Practical Guide for Banks and Fintechs

Financial institutions today face an uncomfortable reality. Detecting suspicious activity is no longer the hardest part of AML. Managing, investigating, documenting, and closing alerts at scale is. This is where AML case management software plays a critical role.

As alert volumes rise and regulatory expectations tighten, banks and fintechs need more than rule engines and dashboards. They need a structured, auditable, and efficient way to move from alert to closure. This guide explains what AML case management software is, why it matters, and how modern, AI-enabled platforms are reshaping investigations.

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What Is AML Case Management?

AML case management refers to the process and technology used to manage alerts, investigations, evidence, and regulatory outcomes once suspicious activity has been detected.

In simple terms:

  • Transaction monitoring flags alerts
  • Case management turns alerts into investigations
  • Investigations lead to decisions, documentation, and reporting

A case management system provides investigators with a central workspace to:

  • Review alerts
  • Gather and assess evidence
  • Collaborate with other teams
  • Document findings
  • Prepare regulatory reports such as STRs or SARs

Without a robust case management layer, even the best detection systems quickly become operational bottlenecks.

Why AML Case Management Matters More Than Ever

Alert volumes are increasing

Real-time payments, digital wallets, and cross-border transactions have dramatically increased alert volumes. Manual investigation processes simply do not scale.

Investigators are under pressure

Compliance teams face growing workloads, tight deadlines, and intense regulatory scrutiny. Inefficient workflows lead to:

  • Alert backlogs
  • Investigator fatigue
  • Inconsistent decision-making

Regulators expect stronger documentation

Supervisors increasingly expect:

  • Clear audit trails
  • Consistent investigation logic
  • Explainable decisions supported by evidence

AML case management software sits at the centre of these challenges, acting as the operational backbone of compliance teams.

Core Capabilities of AML Case Management Software

A modern AML case management platform typically includes the following capabilities:

Case creation and prioritisation

Alerts are automatically converted into cases, enriched with customer, transaction, and risk context. Risk-based prioritisation helps investigators focus on the most critical cases first.

Investigation workflows

Structured workflows guide investigators through each stage of the investigation, reducing variability and missed steps.

Evidence management

Documents, transaction records, screenshots, and notes are stored centrally within each case, ensuring nothing is lost or fragmented across systems.

Collaboration and escalation

Cases often require input from multiple teams. Case management software enables collaboration, escalation, and approvals within a controlled environment.

Audit trails and traceability

Every action taken on a case is logged, creating a defensible audit trail for internal reviews and regulatory examinations.

How AI Is Transforming AML Case Management

Traditional case management systems focused primarily on task tracking. Modern platforms are moving much further by embedding intelligence directly into investigations.

Assisted investigations

AI can surface relevant transactions, related parties, and historical patterns, reducing manual data gathering.

Smart workflows

Automation helps route cases, trigger actions, and apply consistent investigation steps based on risk level.

Faster alert closure

By reducing repetitive tasks and guiding investigators, AI-enabled case management significantly improves closure times without compromising quality.

The result is not fewer controls, but better, faster, and more consistent investigations.

Regulatory Expectations and Audit Readiness

From an examiner’s perspective, a strong AML programme is not just about detecting suspicious activity. It is about how decisions are made and documented.

AML case management software supports regulatory expectations by enabling:

  • Consistent investigation logic
  • Complete documentation of decisions
  • Easy retrieval of historical cases
  • Clear linkage between alerts, evidence, and outcomes

This is especially important during regulatory reviews, where institutions must demonstrate not only what decisions were made, but why.

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How Banks and Fintechs Use AML Case Management in Practice

In a typical investigation flow:

  1. An alert is generated by the monitoring system
  2. A case is created and assigned automatically
  3. The investigator reviews contextual data and risk indicators
  4. Evidence is gathered and assessed within the case
  5. A decision is made, documented, and approved
  6. Regulatory reports are prepared if required
  7. The case is closed with a complete audit trail

Case management software ensures this process is repeatable, defensible, and scalable, even as volumes grow.

How Modern AML Platforms Approach Case Management

Modern AML platforms are increasingly embedding case management directly into their compliance architecture. Rather than treating investigations as a separate, manual process, leading solutions integrate case management with transaction monitoring and screening to create a continuous investigation workflow.

For example, Tookitaki’s FinCense platform integrates case management with transaction monitoring and screening, enabling investigators to move seamlessly from alert generation to investigation, documentation, and closure within a single workflow. This integrated approach helps institutions improve investigation efficiency while maintaining strong audit trails and regulatory readiness.

Choosing the Right AML Case Management Software

When evaluating AML case management solutions, institutions should look beyond basic task tracking.

Key considerations include:

  • Seamless integration with transaction monitoring and screening systems
  • Support for risk-based workflows
  • Strong audit and reporting capabilities
  • AI-assisted investigation features
  • Flexibility to adapt to local regulatory requirements

The goal is not just operational efficiency, but long-term compliance resilience.

Final Thoughts

AML case management software is no longer a supporting tool. It is a core pillar of modern AML operations.

As financial crime grows more complex, institutions that invest in intelligent, well-structured case management are better positioned to:

  • Reduce operational strain
  • Improve investigation quality
  • Meet regulatory expectations with confidence

In the broader AML ecosystem, case management is where detection becomes decision-making — and where compliance teams either struggle or succeed.

AML Case Management Software: A Practical Guide for Banks and Fintechs
Blogs
16 Jan 2026
5 min
read

From Firefighting to Foresight: Rethinking Transaction Fraud Prevention in Singapore

Fraudsters are playing a smarter game, shouldn’t your defences be smarter too?

Transaction fraud in Singapore is no longer just a security issue—it’s a strategic challenge. As payment ecosystems evolve, fraudsters are exploiting digital rails, behavioural loopholes, and siloed detection systems to slip through unnoticed.

In this blog, we explore why traditional fraud prevention methods are falling short, what a next-gen transaction fraud prevention framework looks like, and how Singapore’s financial institutions can future-proof their defences.

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Why Transaction Fraud is Escalating in Singapore

Singapore has one of the most advanced digital banking infrastructures in the world. But with innovation comes risk.

Key Drivers of Fraud Risk:

  • Real-time payments: PayNow and FAST leave little time for fraud detection.
  • Cross-border flows: Illicit funds are moved via remittance corridors and fintech platforms.
  • Proliferation of fintech apps: Fraudsters exploit weak KYC and transaction monitoring in niche apps.
  • Evolving scam tactics: Social engineering, deepfake impersonation, and phishing are on the rise.

The result? Singaporean banks are experiencing a surge in mule account activity, identity theft, and layered fraud involving multiple platforms.

What is Transaction Fraud Prevention?

Transaction fraud prevention refers to systems, strategies, and intelligence tools used by financial institutions to:

  • Detect fraudulent transactions
  • Stop or flag suspicious activity in real time
  • Reduce customer losses
  • Comply with regulatory expectations

The key is prevention, not just detection. This means acting before money is moved or damage is done.

Traditional Fraud Prevention: Where It Falls Short

Legacy fraud prevention frameworks often rely on:

  • Static rule-based thresholds
  • After-the-fact detection
  • Manual reviews for high-value alerts
  • Limited visibility across products or platforms

The problem? Fraud today is fast, adaptive, and complex. These outdated approaches miss subtle patterns, overwhelm investigators, and delay intervention.

A New Framework for Transaction Fraud Prevention

Next-gen fraud prevention combines speed, context, intelligence, and collaboration.

Core Elements:

1. Real-Time Transaction Monitoring

Every transaction is assessed for risk as it happens—across all payment channels.

2. Behavioural Risk Models

Fraud detection engines compare current actions against baseline behaviour for each customer.

3. AI-Powered Risk Scoring

Advanced machine learning models assign dynamic risk scores that influence real-time decisions.

4. Federated Typology Sharing

Institutions access fraud scenarios shared by peer banks and regulators without exposing sensitive data.

5. Graph-Based Network Detection

Analysts visualise connections between mule accounts, devices, locations, and beneficiaries.

6. Integrated Case Management

Suspicious transactions are directly escalated into investigation pipelines with enriched context.

Real-World Examples of Preventable Fraud

✅ Utility Scam Layering

Scammers use stolen accounts to pay fake utility bills, then request chargebacks to mask laundering. These can be caught through layered transaction patterns.

✅ Deepfake CEO Voice Scam

A finance team almost transfers SGD 500,000 after receiving a video call from a “CFO.” Behavioural anomalies and device risk profiling can flag this in real-time.

✅ Organised Mule Account Chains

Funds pass through 8–10 sleeper accounts before exiting the system. Graph analytics expose these as coordinated rather than isolated events.

The Singapore Edge: Localising Fraud Prevention

Fraud patterns in Singapore have unique characteristics:

  • Local scam syndicates often use SingPass and SMS spoofing
  • Elderly victims targeted through impersonation scams
  • Fintech apps used for layering due to fewer controls

A good fraud prevention system should reflect:

  • MAS typologies and alerts
  • Red flags derived from real scam cases
  • Adaptability to local payment systems like FAST, PayNow, GIRO
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How Tookitaki Enables Smart Transaction Fraud Prevention

Tookitaki’s FinCense platform offers an integrated fraud and AML prevention suite that:

  • Monitors transactions in real-time using adaptive AI and federated learning
  • Supports scenario-based detection built from 1,200+ community-contributed typologies
  • Surfaces network-level risk signals using graph analytics
  • Auto-generates case summaries for faster STR filing and reporting
  • Reduces false positives while increasing true fraud detection rates

With FinCense, banks are moving from passive alerts to proactive intervention.

Evaluating Transaction Fraud Prevention Software: Key Questions

  • Can it monitor all transaction types in real time?
  • Does it allow dynamic threshold tuning based on risk?
  • Can it integrate with existing AML or case management tools?
  • Does it use real-world scenarios, not just abstract rules?
  • Can it support regulatory audits with explainable decisions?

Best Practices for Proactive Fraud Prevention

  1. Combine fraud and AML views for holistic oversight
  2. Use shared typologies to learn from others’ incidents
  3. Deploy AI responsibly, ensuring interpretability
  4. Flag anomalies early, even if not yet confirmed as fraud
  5. Engage fraud operations teams in model tuning and validation

Looking Ahead: Future of Transaction Fraud Prevention

The future of fraud prevention is:

  • Predictive: Using AI to simulate fraud before it happens
  • Collaborative: Sharing signals across banks and fintechs
  • Contextual: Understanding customer intent, not just rules
  • Embedded: Integrated into every step of the payment journey

As Singapore’s financial sector continues to grow in scale and complexity, fraud prevention must keep pace—not just in technology, but in mindset.

Final Thoughts: Don’t Just Detect—Disrupt

Transaction fraud prevention is no longer just about stopping bad transactions. It’s about disrupting fraud networks, protecting customer trust, and reducing operational cost.

With the right strategy and systems in place, Singapore’s financial institutions can lead the region in smarter, safer finance.

Because when money moves fast, protection must move faster.

From Firefighting to Foresight: Rethinking Transaction Fraud Prevention in Singapore